There is no EU law covering license, it is guidelines and can be used or changed with the EU’s approval, in 2012 the new model license comes into effect harmonizing all EU countries.
All EU members are allowed to implement its own laws, take the points system the UK you have none and gain as you get caught, the Spanish give you points and deduct as you get caught.
You can appeal against any enforcement by the Guardia that have not followed Spanish law.
Article 1
1. Member States shall introduce a national driving licence based on the Community model described in Annex I, in accordance with the provisions of this Directive.
2. Driving licences issued by Member States shall be mutually recognized.
3. Where the holder of a valid national driving licence takes up normal residence in a Member State other than that which issued the licence, the host Member State may apply to the holder of the licences its national rules on the period of validity of the licences, medical checks and tax arrangements and may enter on the licence any information indispensable for administration.
Article 8
1. Where the holder of a valid national driving licence issued by a Member State has taken up normal residence in another Member State, he may request that his driving licence be exchanged for an equivalent licence; it shall be for the Member State effecting the exchange to check, if necessary, whether the licence submitted is in fact still valid.
2. Subject to observance of the principle of territoriality of criminal and police laws, the Member States of normal residence may apply its national provisions on the restriction, suspension, withdrawal or cancellation of the right to drive to the holder of a driving licence issued by another Member State and, if necessary, exchange the licence for that purpose.
3. The Member State effecting the exchange shall return the old licence to the authorities of the Member State which issued it and give the reasons for so doing.
4. A Member State may refuse to recognize the validity of any driving licence issued by another Member State to a person who is, in the former State’s territory, the subject of one of the measures referred to in paragraph 2.
Copied from the jargon found here.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexapi!prod!CELEXnumdoc&lg=EN&numdoc=31991L0439&model=guichett